{"id":74,"date":"2005-12-06T13:39:34","date_gmt":"2005-12-06T13:39:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/?p=74"},"modified":"2005-12-06T13:39:34","modified_gmt":"2005-12-06T13:39:34","slug":"0.9999999999...-=-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/?p=74","title":{"rendered":"0.9999999999... = 1?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This excerpt from Danica McKellar's site:<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><strong>Danica Answers:<\/strong> <em>Hi Tom! Glad to help- you're not the only one who's asked me to repeat this. \ud83d\ude42 <\/em><\/font><\/font>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>First, we start by labeling: <\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>x= .999999999999..... (repeating infinitely)<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>Then if you multiply both sides by 10, you get:<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>10x = 9.99999999999..... (repeating infinitely)<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>Well,<br \/>\nwhat if we subtracted the top equation from the bottom one? We'll get<br \/>\nanother true statement. Before I do that, let me review why this will<br \/>\nwork. Say that a = b , and c = d. Then do you agree that &quot;a-c = b-d&quot; is<br \/>\nalso a true statement? After all, a = b , and c = d. So once you agree<br \/>\nwith that, let's continue and go ahead and subtract the top statement<br \/>\nfrom the bottom one. We get, for the left hand side of the equations:<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>                            10x -x = 9x<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>And for the right hand side: <\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>9.99999..... - .99999999...... = 9<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>And<br \/>\nwe conclude that &quot;9x = 9&quot; is also a &quot;true statement.&quot; Divide both sides<br \/>\nby 9, and you get x = 1. Since we started with x = .9999999 (repeating<br \/>\ninfinitely), we've now shown that the &quot;infinite decimal of .9999<br \/>\nrepeating&quot; equals the whole number 1. Yes, I did it much faster on the<br \/>\nTV show. \ud83d\ude42 <\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p><font size=\"-1\" face=\"Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\"><font color=\"#000000\"><em>What<br \/>\nI didn't talk about on the show is the somewhat philosophical issue<br \/>\nthis proof brings to light. Our mathematical system was invented by the<br \/>\nhuman mind, which assumes that space (and the number line) is<br \/>\ninfinitely divisible and that there *is* such thing as a theoretical<br \/>\n&quot;point&quot; that takes up no space, and has no volume or mass. So, this<br \/>\nlittle proof shows that - according to a math system that assumes such<br \/>\nthings - indeed, .999999.... (repeating infinitely) equals 1. There are<br \/>\nthose who would say this isn't true, but then they are forgetting that<br \/>\nwe are dealing with a &quot;language&quot; that was invented by the human mind,<br \/>\nand also that infinity is a slippery concept. \ud83d\ude42<\/em><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<p>[@more@]<\/p>\n<p>The dilemma to this problem is indeed infinity itself.<\/p>\n<p>Don't forget, 10x is actually 10 * 0.99999999.... hence, if we treat infinity as we treat regular numbers which are calculated from one end to another end of the decimal, we have to treat the calculation as such:<\/p>\n<p>10 * 0.9999... would have to have resulted a &quot;0&quot;  at the right end of the infinite 9.99999999....&quot;0&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, 10x - x = 9x would not have made 9x = 9. But actually 8.999999999....&quot;1&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>I agree with Danica that this is the flaw of human terminology, but I wouldn't give up on the terminology of infinity just so easily.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This excerpt from Danica McKellar's site: Danica Answers: Hi Tom! Glad to help- you're not the only one who's asked me to repeat this. \ud83d\ude42 First, we start by labeling: x= .999999999999..... (repeating infinitely) Then if you multiply both sides &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/?p=74\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=74"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=74"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=74"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nycphantom.com\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}