From my Facebook Archive downloaded from Facebook (nice download tool they have in settings) May 18, 2024 9:29:00 pm @[100038736394235:2048:David Walker] Here's what we can understand "Israel" [or being a Jew] to be, and they can sometimes be mutually exclusive, sometimes not, but do note "sometimes MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE":
1. God's people, God's children, God's elect.
2. The Church (Deu 9:10, etc.)
3. Jesus (and the foreshadow of...Exo 4:22, Hos 11:1, etc.)
4. The 1948 geographical land of Israel and her citizens.
5. Folks around the world who think they are of Jewish descents either with concrete PROOF or WITHOUT, matrilineally or patrilineally.
6. Folks who were gentiles ( = not Jewish) converted to Judaism, and maybe the descendents of those non-Jews who converted to Judaism.
7. The "colony" called Israel under the rule of the Roman Empire
8. The Babylonian exiles who were largely from Judah, Southern Israel kingdom, but not really the Northern Israel kingdom, returning to the land of Israel.
9. The Northern Israel kingdom, after the split of North and South after King Solomon, so not really the Southern Israel Kingdom/Judah.
10. The land of Israel and her people after the Canaanites in OT, both northern and southern tribes.
11. Jacob's descendants
12. Jacob, son of Isaac, son of Abraham
13. Hebrews (more than be talked/debated about on the origin or etymology of the word "Hebrews, so I'll stop here, to avoid getting off track) You can probably list more, but this is the gist of it. So it's not as simple as you think in the definition of "Israel".