This is anticipated: MIT Study Finds Artificial Intelligence Use Reprograms the Brain, Leading to Cognitive Decline. A good term used is Cognitive Debt, same argument for programming debt/technical debt. Just like new technologies always lead to various decline: Cars & muscle decline (muscle debt?), Internet & social decline. The key is the over reliance of things, will affect us. The problem is what is considered over reliance?
Students who repeatedly relied on ChatGPT showed weakened neural connectivity, impaired memory recall, and diminished sense of ownership over their own writing.
Below is the chart to compare a brain's EEG (electroencephalogram which measures electrical activity level in the brain) when using AI, search engine, and only the brain (from left to right). When it's just the brain, there's higher electrical activity in the brain.
EEG may not be the perfect measure for all intents and purposes, but the sense is there.